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Space is the two or three dimensional area around, in between, and in objects.  Space in a picture often has a foreground, middle ground, and background.  As these names suggest these areas are the forced perspective of respectively: the the front or closest area, the middle, and the farthest or most distant areas.  Space is also referred to in the positive and the negative.  Positive Space is area taken up by a two or three dimensional object.  Negative Space is the area around objects. "Reality in a Bottle" contains a vast amount of space.  In the  foreground is a rope and a large bottle containing a turquoise ocean.  In the middle ground of the red ocean is a small bottle and a ship.  There is a middle ground in the turquoise ocean also containing a ship.  In the background to the red ocean there is an orange sky.  The background of the turquoise ocean is a light blue sky.  There is also a blue ocean in the top left of the piece aiding the idea that the red ocean is in a bottle in a larger ocean.  This blue ocean can also be considered to be in the background.  "Red Winged Black Bird" is a good example of positive and negative space.  The positive space is all the objects: the bird, leaves, grass, cattails, and small branch. Here all the positive space has been blacked out for a better look at the negative space.  In this picture the negative space is the sky and the pond.

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